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Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder is a serious psychological illness that can lead to dangerous behavior, problematic careers and relationships, and suicidal tendencies, especially if not treated early.
Extreme mood swings with normal or neutral moods in between characterize bipolar disorder. This condition was formerly called manic depressive disorder because of the extreme moods that an individual may exhibit.
There are two "poles" in bipolar disorder: manic and depression poles.
Restless, talkative, energetic, euphoric and powerful periods describes manic behavior. Impulsive spending and sex encounters can occur. At some point after such a high, the individual may experience irritation, feeling trapped, anger and confusion.
Sadness, sense of worthlessness, loss of pleasure, crying, sleep problems and loss of energy describes the depression pole.
By nature, bipolar disorder is a complex condition that is difficult to diagnose. The patterns and levels of highs and lows make it more difficult for medical professionals to assess individuals with this condition. Mania or depression periods vary per individual and periods may last from weeks, to months, to years. Some individuals may exhibit frequent dramatic mood changes.
Families and loved ones also suffer the consequences of bipolar disorder especially when the individual has escalated manic or depression periods. More often, the behaviors are unbearable and can wreak havoc to family ties and harmony. It is advised that families should seek help upon recognizing the symptoms of bipolar disorder.
Possible causes of bipolar disorder
The exact cause/s of bipolar disorder is not known, but there are factors that seem to trigger the characteristic behaviors of this condition.
Genetics is one of the major factors that scientists and medical practitioners are looking into. There is a bigger possibility that more than one family member can suffer bipolar disorder. Some studies show the links between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder which points to a specific genetic origin.
Some studies involving brain imaging have shown that the biochemical changes in the individual's brain might cause or trigger the condition. The neurotransmitters in the brain- naturally-occurring chemicals which are linked to mood- might also trigger the condition. Hormonal imbalances are also being linked to cause or trigger bipolar tendencies.
Environmental factors are also being looked into. Some studies involving identical twins where one has bipolar disorder and the other one without the condition show that it doesn't have to run in the blood to be inflicted with bipolar disorder.
Certain situations that can affect the individual's life dramatically may also affect his perception and behavior, and bipolar episodes may be attributed to these drastic changes.
Triggering factors that may lead to bipolar disorder
Bipolar disorder is affecting an estimated 1% of the population. However, there are many individuals who have not been diagnosed or have not sought any treatment because often they mistook the condition for depression.
This condition affects both men and women, but bipolar II, or rapid cycling bipolar disorder, affects more women than men. Both types of bipolar disorder start between 15 and 30 years of age.
Certain situations and conditions can be considered as triggering factors:
If there is a history of bipolar disorder in the family
High stress periods
Substance abuse
Major life changes such as loss of a loved one
Complications associated with bipolar disorder
It is important to identify and treat bipolar disorder at the onset to prevent certain complications in the long run.
Suicide is one of the adverse possibilities that can be triggered by bipolar disorder. Thoughts of killing one's self can occur frequently during bipolar episodes.
Drug and alcohol abuse that can lead to legal and financial problems can also be triggered by worsening episodes of bipolar behaviors.
Relationship problems, isolation and poor school and work performances can also occur if this condition is left untreated.
There is no sure way to treat bipolar disorder. There are no specific medications that can ease the unidentified causes either. Families are advised to be aware of their loved ones' behavior and to seek medical advice as soon as possible.
